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LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE:
The Earth’s atmosphere, is the layers of the gases which protects the earth, from the radiations and cosmic rays coming from the outer space.
This atmosphere, acts as a blanket, because it keeps the average temperature of the Earth, nearly constant.
The Earth's atmosphere can be divided into five main layers.
These layers are:
• The Troposphere
• The Stratosphere
• The Mesosphere
•
The Thermosphere
• The Exosphere
“Tropos” means change.
This layer gets its name from the weather that is constantly changing and mixing up the gases, in this part of our atmosphere.This layer is the closest to Earth's surface.
On average the troposphere extends, from the ground to about 12 kilometers or 7.5 miles high.The troposphere contains, about 75% of all of the air in the atmosphere, and, almost all of the water vapor, which forms clouds and rain. In this layer, air is made up of approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% argon with small amounts of additional gases, including water vapor and, carbon dioxide.
“Strat” means layer.
This layer of our atmosphere has its own set of layers. The boundary between the stratosphere and the troposphere is called the tropopause. It is the region where airplanes fly.
The Stratosphere layer, extends from the tropopause to about 50 kilometers (32 miles) above the Earth’s surface.This layer contains a thin layer of ozone molecules which forms a protective layer and absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation, from the Sun. The high-altitude weather balloons flying into the stratosphere for monitoring atmospheric conditions and climate research.
“Meso” means middle.
This layer is located above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere. It is the third layer in our atmosphere which is 35 kilometers (22 miles) thick. The transition boundary which separates the mesosphere, from the stratosphere is called the stratopause. In the mesosphere fewer air molecules to absorb incoming electromagnetic radiation from the Sun. Most meteors burn up in this atmospheric layer.
“Thermo” means heat.
This layer has extremely high temperatures, and located above the mesosphere, and below the exosphere. The boundary between the mesosphere, and the thermosphere atmospheric regions, is called Mesopause. It is the coldest part of Earth's atmosphere. The thermosphere, extends from the mesopause to 700 kilometers (435 miles) above the surface of the Earth. The thermosphere is the thickest layer, in the atmosphere.
Only the lightest gases, mostly oxygen, helium, and, hydrogen are found here. The aurora, and satellites mostly occur in this layer.
“Exo” means outside.
The exosphere, represents the outermost layer of Earth’s atmosphere. It extends, from the top of the thermosphere to 10,000 kilometers (6,214 miles) above Earth’s surface.
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